I found a couple of these large caterpillars very near to each other. First the one above and then the one below. I believe they are a species of Automeris.
With those spines and colors, it’s pretty obvious they are to be avoided. Each one of those spines is like a little hypodermic needle bearing venom.
Here are some closeups.
And here’s a particularly intimidating display.
So what would mess with this spiny critter? I discovered while reviewing photos of the latter caterpillar that there was a small fly up to no good. Sorry for the photo quality. These are extreme crops.
I’m pretty sure that’s a biting midge in the family Ceratopogonidae. Some, like this one, will feed on the blood of other insects. I actually found a reference and image of one feeding on a related caterpillar.
Nice job on finding the fly and figuring it out. That closeup of the spiny cluster is gorgeous.
Automeris io doesn’t really bother me that much but I don’t think I’d like to try out this guy’s sting.
Holy cow, what a great series of photos! This made my morning. I love caterpillars. Thanks!